Solid waste examples
Integrated Waste Management or simply Waste Management is the name given to the process that encompasses the activities necessary to take care of a waste, as a material that loses its usefulness after having fulfilled its mission or service for which it was produced. In other words, the concept of waste is used as a synonym for garbage, i.e., it is all waste of that which man has produced.[1] There are different types of solid waste, such as solid waste, solid residues, and solid residues that can be used in the production of waste.
There are different types of solid waste, such as those generated in cities (domestic, residential, institutional or commercial), agricultural or industrial (productive sectors, industries, industrial parks, sanitary facilities, etc.).[1] The main waste is produced by human activity.
Hazardous waste is considered to be industrial or commercial waste that, because of its toxic or dangerous characteristics due to a high concentration of risk, requires specific treatment and periodic monitoring of potential harmful effects.
The first step towards an organized management of municipal solid waste was taken in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century. 2] Up to that time, and depending on the location, waste was dumped on the ground – buried or in the open air -, discharged into bodies of water, incinerated or, in the case of food waste, fed to pigs.
Types of waste
Collection is the collection of waste conditioned by the generator to be routed by the appropriate means of transport to a transfer station, treatment unit or final disposal site.[1] Two types of collection can be distinguished: general collection and selective collection:
Transportation consists of the trips to which household waste is subjected from where it is generated to the treatment points or transfer plants. Transport must be carried out in authorized and properly prepared vehicles to ensure that the waste is not dispersed in the environment.[7] Some of these are:
A household solid waste transfer station, is defined as the set of equipment and facilities where the transshipment of such waste is carried out, from collection vehicles to large tonnage cargo vehicles, to transport it to the final destination sites. The fundamental objective of a transfer station is to increase the overall efficiency of waste management services, through the savings achieved by reducing the overall cost of handling, as well as by reducing transportation times and the intensive use of equipment and human resources.[8] The transfer station is also used for the transportation of waste to the final destination.
Hazardous waste
Waste minimization involves efforts to minimize resources and energy use during manufacturing. With the same volume of commercial production, generally less material used leads to less waste produced. Waste minimization usually requires knowledge of the production process, tracking materials from extraction to return to the earth and detailed knowledge of waste composition.
Using in industries, a more efficient manufacturing process and better materials would reduce waste production. The application of waste minimization techniques has led to the development of innovative and commercially successful product replacements. Waste minimization has proven benefits to industry and the environment.
Waste minimization requires investment, which is generally offset by the savings from its application. However, waste reduction in one sector of production may create production waste in another sector.
How municipal solid waste is classified
Waste management , branch of applied rudology, comprises the collection, marketing and intermediation, transport , treatment (waste treatment), reuse or disposal of waste , generally those coming from human activities. This management aims to reduce its effects on human and environmental health and the living environment. For several decades, emphasis has been placed on reducing the effect of waste on nature and the environment and on its recovery from a circular economy perspective.