Dental hydrofluoric acid
The alkali metals or simply alkaline metals (from the Arabic, alqali) are these six chemical elements: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs) and francium (Fr). These elements, together with hydrogen (which is a gas), constitute group 1 found in the S-block of the periodic table.
All the alkali metals have their outermost electron in an s-orbital, and this shared electronic configuration results in their having very similar characteristic properties. In fact, the alkali metals provide the best example of similar group patterns in their periodic table properties, with elements exhibiting homologous characteristic behavior. This family of elements is also known as the lithium family because lithium is its first element.
There were at least four erroneous and incomplete discoveries[29][30][30][31][32] before Marguerite Perey of the Curie Institute in Paris, France discovered francium in 1939 by purifying a sample of actinium-227, which had been reported to have a decay energy of 220 keV. However, Perey noticed decay particles with an energy level below 80 keV. Perey thought that this decay activity might have been caused by a previously unidentified decay product, one that separated during purification, but arose again from pure actinium-227. Several tests eliminated the possibility that the unknown element was thorium, radium, lead, bismuth, or thallium. The new product exhibited chemical properties of an alkali metal (such as coprecipitating with cesium salts), leading Perey to believe it was element 87, caused by alpha disintegration of actinium-227. Next, Perey attempted to determine the ratio of beta decay to alpha decay in actinium-227. His first test put the alpha-branching at 0.6%, a figure that he later revised to 1%.[33] He found that the alpha-branching of actinium-227 was caused by alpha decay.
Hydrofluoric acid formula
By ingestion:By inhalation of the acid:If the poison came into contact with your skin or eyes, you may have:Hydrofluoric acid poisoning can have direct effects on the heart. It can lead to irregular and sometimes life-threatening heartbeats.People who come into contact with this poison are likely to have a combination of the symptoms described.Home Care
Seek immediate medical attention. DO NOT make the person vomit unless told to do so by the poison control center or a health care professional.If the chemical gets on the skin or in the eyes, flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.Take the person to the hospital immediately.Before calling emergency services
The health care provider will measure and monitor the person’s vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. Swallowing this acid can cause a serious drop in blood pressure. If the person inhaled the acid fumes, the provider may hear signs of fluid in the lungs by listening to the chest with a stethoscope.Specific treatment depends on how the poisoning occurred. Symptoms will be treated as appropriate.If the person swallowed the poison, treatment may include:If the person touched the poison, treatment may include:If the person breathed in the poison, treatment may include:Expectations (prognosis).
Hf traditional nomenclature
Hydrofluoric acid is used both in concentrated form and in products containing it at low concentration. In addition to its use in the traditional chemical industry and in chemical laboratories, hydrofluoric acid is mainly used in the electrical, semiconductor and solar industries for surface treatment.
Since it is corrosive to glass, it is used in glass processing for etching, matting and polishing. Hydrofluoric acid is also found in pickling solutions for surface treatment of stainless steel parts in workshops.
The serious occupational accidents caused by hydrofluoric acid nowadays justify the need to draw specific attention to the special hazards of this dangerous acid. Especially the consequences of skin contamination with highly concentrated hydrofluoric acid are very serious and accidents can be fatal.
Inhalation of hydrofluoric acid vapors is also extremely harmful to health. Even at low concentrations, it causes irritation, coughing and bronchial catarrh. Inhalation of higher concentrations leads to severe burns of the lungs with formation of pulmonary edema.
Risks of hf
Metals are known to dissociate and react, e.g. in the oxidation process. High temperatures definitely increase the reaction rate in many chemicals. I would not recommend it for cooking coffee, but I would recommend it for food storage, given the right conditions and of course lined for reaction prevention and reduction. But I’m just a bio student.
There are two serious typos in that chart.The two places where it says “hydrofluoric acid” should be replaced with “hydrochloric acid”.The stomach secretes HCl, not HF!And HF is not a strong acid, so it seems unlikely that it can reach a pH of 0. From what I’ve read, the pH of concentrated HF is ~ 1.
Is anything in general safe?So why do scientists criticize the widespread use of pesticides? (See https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/sep/21/assumed-safety-of-widespread-pesticide-use-is-false-says-top-gubernamental-científico).